| Individual | |
| Physical | Death
Permanent loss of mobility/functioning Fractures Bruising Burns |
| Psychological | Feelings of guilt
Post traumatic stress Depression Anxiety/fear |
| Economic | Loss of earnings
Medical bills Damage to property |
| Community | |
| Psychological | Loss of trust
Loss of family structure |
| Economic | Loss of family income
Loss of community cohesion Damage to property |
| National | |
| Economic | Loss of productivity
Cost to taxpayers: medical, legal, increased insurance premiums, administrative costs, counseling, ACC payments, damage to property Annual cost to NZ economy of up to $4 billion each year (3 – 5% of total GDP)[1] |
[1] Ministry of Transport (2009). The social cost of road crashes and injuries, June 2009 update. Report prepared by Financial and Economic Analysis Team, Ministry of Transport